The Reporting Persons acquired their positions in the shares of the Common Stock and the other securities and instruments reported herein, if any, for investment purposes in the belief that such shares of the Common Stock are undervalued and represent an attractive investment opportunity for the Reporting Persons. In pursuing its investment purposes to achieve an attractive return on their ownership of the shares of the Common Stock, the Reporting Persons may do any or all of the following, either alone or in combination with any other of the following, at such times and from time to time as the Reporting Persons may in their sole discretion deem appropriate or desirable: i. acquire additional shares of the Common Stock and/or other securities and/or instruments (including equity, debt or other securities or instruments) of the Issuer or its affiliates in the open market, in privately negotiated transactions, or otherwise; ii. dispose of any or all of their shares of the Common Stock and/or other securities and/or instruments of the Issuer or its affiliates in the open market, in privately negotiated transactions, or otherwise; iii. enter into swap and/or other derivative transactions with broker-dealers, financial institutions, and/or other counterparties with respect to the securities of the Issuer or its affiliates which may be deemed to either increase or decrease the Reporting Persons' economic exposure to the value of the shares of the Common Stock or other securities of the Issuer or its affiliates; iv. engage in any other hedging or similar transactions with respect to the shares of Common Stock and/or other securities or instruments of the Issuer or its affiliates; v. engage in discussions with directors, officers, members of management, and other personnel of the Issuer and its affiliates with respect to the Issuer and its affiliates, including with respect to each of the items described in this Item 4; vi. engage in discussions with other holders of the Common Stock and/or other securities or instruments of the Issuer and/or its affiliates with respect to the Issuer and its affiliates, including with respect to each of the items described in this Item 4; vii. engage in discussions with third parties, including investors, sources of financing, potential strategic partners, professional service providers, industry analysts, and other persons and entities with respect to the Issuer and its affiliates, including with respect to each of the items described in this Item 4; viii. propose changes in or to one or more of the Issuer's or its affiliate's operations, governance, management, corporate structure, organizational and reporting structure, capitalization, use of capital, financial metrics, business strategy, executive compensation and/or other matters related to the foregoing; ix. propose that the Issuer and/or its affiliates pursue material business acquisitions and/or the sale (or other disposition), merger or business combination of the Issuer or its affiliates with respect to any part of the Issuer's or such affiliates' business, or one or more similar transactions; x. propose or nominate candidates to serve on the Issuer's and/or its affiliates' board of directors; xi. propose changes to the current board of directors of the Issuer and/or its affiliates, including the number, term and identity of the members of the Issuer's and/or such affiliates' board of directors; xii. propose changes to the current members of management of the Issuer or its affiliates; xiii. solicit proxies or consents from shareholders of the Issuer or its affiliates, including but not limited to as part of a proxy contest, consent solicitation or other possible change of control of the Issuer and/or its affiliates; xiv. pursue a variety of other actions in furtherance of one or more of the foregoing; xv. modify their plans, proposals or intentions with respect to one or more of the foregoing; and xvi. plan, propose or pursue other actions with respect to the Issuer and/or its affiliates, including one or more of the actions described in subsections (a) through (j) of Item 4 of Schedule 13D, in each case as the Reporting Persons may deem appropriate from time to time. In considering and evaluating such plans or proposals, the Reporting Persons expect that they will continually monitor and evaluate, among other things, the Issuer's operations, financial performance, organizational and reporting structure, corporate governance, capital structure, management performance, executive compensation, business strategy, competitive positions, future prospects, proposed and/or consummated transactions, including the acquisition or the sale (or other disposition), or merger or combination, of the Issuer and/or its affiliates or any part of the Issuer's or its affiliates' business, or any similar transactions. In addition, the Reporting Persons expect that they will continually monitor and evaluate prevailing market conditions with respect to the shares of the Common Stock and other securities and instruments of the Issuer and its affiliates at various times in the future, the alternative investment opportunities available to the Reporting Persons, the liquidity requirements and capital needs of the Reporting Persons, and a variety of other investment considerations that may arise from time to time as determined by the Reporting Persons in its sole discretion. The actions taken by the Reporting Persons with respect to the Issuer and its affiliates and the shares of the Common Stock and/or other securities or instruments of the Issuer and its affiliates will be based upon the foregoing considerations and a wide variety of factors, including but not limited to changes in the market prices of the shares of the Common Stock or the other securities or instruments of or related to the Issuer and its affiliates and/or changes in the results of the Issuer's operations, business strategy or prospects, as well as the results of the communications, if any, that the Reporting Persons may have with the Issuer, its officers and directors and other personnel (and those of the Issuer's affiliates), with the other third parties described herein, and the actions taken by the Issuer and its officers, directors and other personnel (and those of the Issuer's affiliates), and the third parties described herein, with respect to the matters described herein, and any other matters deemed relevant by the Reporting Persons, whether or not similar to any of the foregoing. The Reporting Persons may also take steps to explore and prepare for various plans, proposals, and actions, including but not limited to those described herein, and engage in discussions with respect to one or more of the foregoing, before forming an actual plan, proposal or intention to engage in such actions and/or proceed with such transactions.